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__**United States Movement**__ ** Derek Nhan Kevin Man **

Before the nineteenth century, the United States seek to travel further west than the original thirteen colonies, however, it was due to the growing **fur trade**.During the nineteenth century, the belief of **__Manifest Destiny__** was still strong and caused for the __**expansion**__ of America. With the expansion of the United States, territories originally belonging to Native Americans were taken. Congress decided that **Indian removal** was the only answer to ease the task and passed an act which removed Indians from territory they felt as "unused land". After the United States spread their reign over the rest of North America, they experienced a influx of immigrants from all over. Primarily from areas in Europe and China, these immigrants seek jobs and more freedom. The United States, however, did not see the immigrants as a productive aspect to them and wanted to exclude them. They primarily discriminated against them, as seen with migration of the Mormons. This **Mormon migration** started in New York, where they faced severe discrimination due to their belief in polygamy, and eventually ended up in Utah. This is one of the first recorded expansion, other than **Lewis and Clark** and other explorers, to move westward. Through the use of the **Overland Trails**, travelers were able to travel westward to expand on their life, or just to enjoy and adventure. The travel was nothing less than a rigorous one. Years later other groups also decided on moving westward, such as cowboys and farmers. Farmers would travel westward for new fertile ground and cowboys would travel to enjoy and adventure, as well as many other people. This "adventure" westward is known as a travel to the "**wild west**".

__** Timeline **__

1783 - __**Treaty of Paris**__: Border defined with British North America; beginning of unrestricted movement to the far west 1803 - **__Louisiana Purchase__**: Massive amount of land purchased west of the Mississippi for $11,250,000 from France 1804 - Lewis and Clark Travel the Louisiana Purchase, starting the first expedition west 1818 - Anglo-American Convention: Acquisition of the Red River Basin from British North America 1837-1838 - Trail of Tears caused movement of Indians such as the Choctaw, Cherokees, and Creeks. 1845 - Annexation of Texas: Escalation of the __**Mexican-American War**__; further Mexican territory was captured and an official border was defined on the Rio Grande 1846 - Mormon migration to Utah begins 1848 - __**Gold Rush ** __begins ; James W. Marshall discover gold at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California 1853 - Gadsden Purchase: Portions of Southern Arizona and New Mexico purchased for $10,000,000; ratified by the Senate a year later 1854 - United States pass __**Kansas-Nebraska Act **__allowing settlers into Indian Territory 1860 - Use of Overland Trails to travel westward safer 1862 - __**Homestead Act**__ passed allowing settlers to expand outside the original 13 colonies 1867 - Alaska Purchase: Alaska Territory purchased from Russia for $7,200,000 1882 - Congress passed **__Chinese Exclusion Act__** to restrict amount of Chinese immigrants in the United States 1898 - Annexation of Hawaii; Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines ceded by Spain following the __**Spanish-American War**__




 * Historic population of the United States according to the Census Bureau**
 * 1790 || 3,929,214 ||
 * 1800 || 5,308,483 ||
 * 1810 || 7,239,881 ||
 * 1820 || 9,638,453 ||
 * 1830 || 12,866,020 ||
 * 1840 || 17,069,453 ||
 * 1850 || 23,191,876 ||
 * 1860 || 31,443,321 ||
 * 1870 || 38,558,371 ||
 * 1880 || 50,189,209 ||
 * 1890 || 62,979,766 ||
 * 1900 || 76,212,168 ||

__**Further Reading on Movement:**__ [|Article describing the effects of Manifest Destiny]** [|Impacts of the California gold rush]**
 * [|Chinese immigrating into California due to the Gold Rush]
 * [|American "Imperialsim" then and now]**
 * [|Hawaii's Annexation]**
 * [|Mexican-American War]

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__**Sources **__Faragher, John. __Out of Many, A History of the American People__. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2002. //ABC-Clio Social Studies//. Web. 31 Dec 2009. .